Indonesian Coastal Management and Corporate Social Responsibility
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study examines the effectiveness of PT Huadi Nickel Alloy Indonesia's Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program in the coastal area of Bantaeng Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, focusing on its impact on the local community, particularly in addressing clean water scarcity due to industrial activities. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed, using interviews, observations, and document analysis to collect data from key informants. The effectiveness was analyzed using three indicators: goal attainment, integration, and adaptation. The results show that the CSR program has provided positive impacts but has not been entirely comprehensive due to budget limitations and conflicts among community members. The integration of the program has been facilitated through communication and coordination between stakeholders, but further efforts are needed to enhance integration and align the program with the community's needs. The adaptation has been supported by local government regulations, but strengthening collaboration is necessary to ensure sustainability. In conclusion, despite limitations and challenges, the CSR program has provided positive impacts for the coastal community. Further efforts are required to increase coverage, expand beneficiaries, and strengthen collaboration to ensure the program's sustainability and effectiveness in improving the welfare of the coastal community
Article Details
How to Cite
Muhammad, N. A. ., Haning, M. T. ., & Yunus, M. (2025). Indonesian Coastal Management and Corporate Social Responsibility. Journal of Law Science, 7(2), 205-213. https://doi.org/10.35335/jls.v7i2.5764
References
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Bennett, N. J., López de la Lama, R., Le Billon, P., Ertör, I., & Morgera, E. (2023). Ocean defenders and human rights. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1089049
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Chowdhary, P., Bharagava, R. N., Mishra, S., & Khan, N. (2020). Role of Industries in Water Scarcity and Its Adverse Effects on Environment and Human Health. In Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development (pp. 235–256). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5889-0_12
Creswell, J. W. . (2003). Research design?: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed., Vol. 2). Sage Publications.
Dellachiesa, A. E., & Myint, A. P. (2016). Trade openness and the changing water polluting intensity patterns of ‘dirty’ and ‘clean’ industrial sectors. Ecological Economics, 129, 143–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.06.012
Di Franco, E., Pierson, P., Di Iorio, L., Calò, A., Cottalorda, J. M., Derijard, B., Di Franco, A., Galvé, A., Guibbolini, M., Lebrun, J., Micheli, F., Priouzeau, F., Risso-de Faverney, C., Rossi, F., Sabourault, C., Spennato, G., Verrando, P., & Guidetti, P. (2020). Effects of marine noise pollution on Mediterranean fishes and invertebrates: A review. In Marine Pollution Bulletin (Vol. 159). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111450
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Fosu, E., Fosu, F., Akyina, N., & Asiedu, D. (2024). Do environmental CSR practices promote corporate social performance? The mediating role of green innovation and corporate image. Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100155
Gálvez-Sánchez, F. J., Molina-Prados, A., Molina-Moreno, V., & Moral-Cuadra, S. (2024). Exploring the three-dimensional effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity, corporate reputation, and willingness to pay. A study of the fashion industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103836
García-Rivas, M. I., Gálvez-Sánchez, F. J., Noguera-Vivo, J. M., & Meseguer-Sánchez, V. (2023). Corporate social responsibility reports: A review of the evolution, approaches and prospects. In Heliyon (Vol. 9, Issue 7). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18348
Gupta, J., Bai, X., Liverman, D. M., Rockström, J., Qin, D., Stewart-Koster, B., Rocha, J. C., Jacobson, L., Abrams, J. F., Andersen, L. S., Armstrong McKay, D. I., Bala, G., Bunn, S. E., Ciobanu, D., DeClerck, F., Ebi, K. L., Gifford, L., Gordon, C., Hasan, S., … Gentile, G. (2024). A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations. The Lancet Planetary Health, 8(10), e813–e873. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00042-1
Hou, S., Zhao, X., Liu, Y., Tillotson, M. R., Weng, S., Wang, H., Li, Y., Liu, B., Feng, K., & Zhang, N. (2022). Spatial analysis connects excess water pollution discharge, industrial production, and consumption at the sectoral level. Npj Clean Water, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-022-00152-7
Jia, K., Huang, A., Deng, L., Yin, X., Deng, Y., Hou, Z., Li, Z., Liu, Y., Shen, J., & Yang, J. (2024). Persistent yet limited impact of protected areas on coastal wetland restoration in megacity cores. Global Ecology and Conservation, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03270
Jury, W. A., & Vaux, H. J. (2007). The Emerging Global Water Crisis: Managing Scarcity and Conflict Between Water Users. In Advances in Agronomy (Vol. 95, pp. 1–76). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(07)95001-4
Khan, S. A., Al Rashid, A., & Koç, M. (2023). Adaptive response for climate change challenges for small and vulnerable coastal area (SVCA) countries: Qatar perspective. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103969
Kookana, R. S., Drechsel, P., Jamwal, P., & Vanderzalm, J. (2020). Urbanisation and emerging economies: Issues and potential solutions for water and food security. Science of the Total Environment, 732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139057
Krakow, C. A. (2020). The international law and politics of water access: Experiences of displacement, statelessness, and armed conflict. Water (Switzerland), 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020340
Lund-Thomsen, P., Lindgreen, A., & Vanhamme, J. (2016). Industrial Clusters and Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countries: What We Know, What We do not Know, and What We Need to Know. Journal of Business Ethics, 133(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2372-8
Masum, A., Hanan, H., Awang, H., Aziz, A., & Ahmad, M. H. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility and its Effect on Community Development: An Overview. IOSR Journal of Business and Management , 22(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2201053540
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative Research: A Guide To Design And Implementation (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
Mokarram, M., Saber, A., & Sheykhi, V. (2020). Effects of heavy metal contamination on river water quality due to release of industrial effluents. Journal of Cleaner Production, 277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123380
Nurbaiti, S. R., & Bambang, A. N. (2017). Factors Affecting Community Participation in the Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Program. Proceeding Biology Education Conference, 14(1), 224–228.
Ortiz-Avram, D., Domnanovich, J., Kronenberg, C., & Scholz, M. (2018). Exploring the integration of corporate social responsibility into the strategies of small- and medium-sized enterprises: A systematic literature review. In Journal of Cleaner Production (Vol. 201, pp. 254–271). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.011
Prafitri, G. R., & Damayanti, M. (2016). Kapasitas Kelembagaan Dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata (Studi Kasus: Desa Wisata Ketenger, Banyumas). Jurnal Pengembangan Kota, 4(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpk.4.1.76-86
Putra, A. W., Tahir, M., & Usman, J. (2021). Implementasi Program Pengentasan Wilayah Kumuh Di Kelurahan Letta Kecamatan Bantaeng Kabupaten Bantaeng. Journal Unismuh, 2(3), 815–830. https://journal.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/kimap/index
Qian, S. (2024). Ripples of change: Assessing the impact of water resource tax reform pilot on the green growth of China’s coastal cities. Journal of Sea Research, 198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2024.102479
Rose, J., & Johnson, C. W. (2020). Contextualizing reliability and validity in qualitative research: toward more rigorous and trustworthy qualitative social science in leisure research. Journal of Leisure Research, 51(4), 432–451. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1722042
Rosyida, I., Fredian, D., & Nasdian, T. (2011). Society and Stakeholder Participation in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program and the Impact of Rural Community (Vol. 05).
Saleh, N. A. (2019). The Utilization Of Aquatic Biological Resources: Prospective Of Seaweed Development In The Coastal Area Of Bantaeng Regency (Case Study In The Township Of Bonto Jai, Bissapu Distrct). Pangadereng?: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 5(1), 102-115. www.rumputlaut.org
Salman, M., Long, X., Wang, G., & Zha, D. (2022). Paris climate agreement and global environmental efficiency: New evidence from fuzzy regression discontinuity design. Energy Policy, 168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113128
Schlüter, A., Bavinck, M., Hadjimichael, M., Partelow, S., Said, A., & Ertör, I. (2020). Broadening the perspective on ocean privatizations: An interdisciplinary social science enquiry. Ecology and Society, 25(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11772-250320
Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment. In Source: Administrative Science Quarterly (Vol. 22, Issue 1).
Tortajada, C., & Biswas, A. K. (2018). Achieving universal access to clean water and sanitation in an era of water scarcity: strengthening contributions from academia. In Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability (Vol. 34, pp. 21–25). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.08.001
Wang, D., Wang, M., Zheng, W., Song, Y., & Huang, X. (2025). A multi-level spatial assessment framework for identifying land use conflict zones. Land Use Policy, 148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107382
Wardhani, W., Amril, M., & Putra, P. (2021). Strategi Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Genetik Rumput Laut Di Kabupaten Bantaeng. KYBERNOLOGY?: Journal of Government Studies, 1(1). https://journal.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/kybernology
Wijaya, S. A., Wiska, M., & Gusteti, Y. (2022). Analysis Of External And Internal Factors Of Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) Implementation In Improving Community Welfare. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Airlangga, 32(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.20473/jeba.v32i12022.10-18
Adams, E. A., Zulu, L., & Ouellette-Kray, Q. (2020). Community water governance for urban water security in the Global South: Status, lessons, and prospects. In Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water (Vol. 7, Issue 5). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1466
Alam, M. S., & Yousuf, A. (2024). Fishermen’s community livelihood and socio-economic constraints in coastal areas: An exploratory analysis. Environmental Challenges, 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2023.100810
Andersen-Ranberg, E., Nymo, I. H., Jokelainen, P., Emelyanova, A., Jore, S., Laird, B., Davidson, R. K., Ostertag, S., Bouchard, E., Fagerholm, F., Skinner, K., Acquarone, M., Tryland, M., Dietz, R., Abass, K., Rautio, A., Hammer, S., Evengård, B., Thierfelder, T., … Sonne, C. (2024). Environmental stressors and zoonoses in the Arctic: Learning from the past to prepare for the future. Science of The Total Environment, 176869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176869
Andrews, N., Bennett, N. J., Le Billon, P., Green, S. J., Cisneros-Montemayor, A. M., Amongin, S., Gray, N. J., & Sumaila, U. R. (2021). Oil, fisheries and coastal communities: A review of impacts on the environment, livelihoods, space and governance. In Energy Research and Social Science (Vol. 75). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102009
Bennett, N. J., López de la Lama, R., Le Billon, P., Ertör, I., & Morgera, E. (2023). Ocean defenders and human rights. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1089049
BPS-Statistics of Bantaeng Regency. (2022). Kabupaten Bantaeng 2021 Dalam Angka Bantaeng Regency in Figures.
Breuer, A., Leininger, J., Malerba, D., & Tosun, J. (2023). Integrated policymaking: Institutional designs for implementing the sustainable development goals (SDGs). World Development, 170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2023.106317
Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods (fifth edition, pp. 1–16). Oxford University Press.
Chowdhary, P., Bharagava, R. N., Mishra, S., & Khan, N. (2020). Role of Industries in Water Scarcity and Its Adverse Effects on Environment and Human Health. In Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development (pp. 235–256). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-5889-0_12
Creswell, J. W. . (2003). Research design?: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (2nd ed., Vol. 2). Sage Publications.
Dellachiesa, A. E., & Myint, A. P. (2016). Trade openness and the changing water polluting intensity patterns of ‘dirty’ and ‘clean’ industrial sectors. Ecological Economics, 129, 143–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.06.012
Di Franco, E., Pierson, P., Di Iorio, L., Calò, A., Cottalorda, J. M., Derijard, B., Di Franco, A., Galvé, A., Guibbolini, M., Lebrun, J., Micheli, F., Priouzeau, F., Risso-de Faverney, C., Rossi, F., Sabourault, C., Spennato, G., Verrando, P., & Guidetti, P. (2020). Effects of marine noise pollution on Mediterranean fishes and invertebrates: A review. In Marine Pollution Bulletin (Vol. 159). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111450
Economidou, M., Ringel, M., Valentova, M., Castellazzi, L., Zancanella, P., Zangheri, P., Serrenho, T., Paci, D., & Bertoldi, P. (2022). Strategic energy and climate policy planning: Lessons learned from European energy efficiency policies. Energy Policy, 171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113225
Fabinyi, M., Belton, B., Dressler, W. H., Knudsen, M., Adhuri, D. S., Abdul Aziz, A., Akber, M. A., Kittitornkool, J., Kongkaew, C., Marschke, M., Pido, M., Stacey, N., Steenbergen, D. J., & Vandergeest, P. (2022). Coastal transitions: Small-scale fisheries, livelihoods, and maritime zone developments in Southeast Asia. In Journal of Rural Studies (Vol. 91, pp. 184–194). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.02.006
Fosu, E., Fosu, F., Akyina, N., & Asiedu, D. (2024). Do environmental CSR practices promote corporate social performance? The mediating role of green innovation and corporate image. Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, 12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100155
Gálvez-Sánchez, F. J., Molina-Prados, A., Molina-Moreno, V., & Moral-Cuadra, S. (2024). Exploring the three-dimensional effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity, corporate reputation, and willingness to pay. A study of the fashion industry. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103836
García-Rivas, M. I., Gálvez-Sánchez, F. J., Noguera-Vivo, J. M., & Meseguer-Sánchez, V. (2023). Corporate social responsibility reports: A review of the evolution, approaches and prospects. In Heliyon (Vol. 9, Issue 7). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18348
Gupta, J., Bai, X., Liverman, D. M., Rockström, J., Qin, D., Stewart-Koster, B., Rocha, J. C., Jacobson, L., Abrams, J. F., Andersen, L. S., Armstrong McKay, D. I., Bala, G., Bunn, S. E., Ciobanu, D., DeClerck, F., Ebi, K. L., Gifford, L., Gordon, C., Hasan, S., … Gentile, G. (2024). A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations. The Lancet Planetary Health, 8(10), e813–e873. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00042-1
Hou, S., Zhao, X., Liu, Y., Tillotson, M. R., Weng, S., Wang, H., Li, Y., Liu, B., Feng, K., & Zhang, N. (2022). Spatial analysis connects excess water pollution discharge, industrial production, and consumption at the sectoral level. Npj Clean Water, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-022-00152-7
Jia, K., Huang, A., Deng, L., Yin, X., Deng, Y., Hou, Z., Li, Z., Liu, Y., Shen, J., & Yang, J. (2024). Persistent yet limited impact of protected areas on coastal wetland restoration in megacity cores. Global Ecology and Conservation, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03270
Jury, W. A., & Vaux, H. J. (2007). The Emerging Global Water Crisis: Managing Scarcity and Conflict Between Water Users. In Advances in Agronomy (Vol. 95, pp. 1–76). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(07)95001-4
Khan, S. A., Al Rashid, A., & Koç, M. (2023). Adaptive response for climate change challenges for small and vulnerable coastal area (SVCA) countries: Qatar perspective. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103969
Kookana, R. S., Drechsel, P., Jamwal, P., & Vanderzalm, J. (2020). Urbanisation and emerging economies: Issues and potential solutions for water and food security. Science of the Total Environment, 732. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139057
Krakow, C. A. (2020). The international law and politics of water access: Experiences of displacement, statelessness, and armed conflict. Water (Switzerland), 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020340
Lund-Thomsen, P., Lindgreen, A., & Vanhamme, J. (2016). Industrial Clusters and Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countries: What We Know, What We do not Know, and What We Need to Know. Journal of Business Ethics, 133(1), 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2372-8
Masum, A., Hanan, H., Awang, H., Aziz, A., & Ahmad, M. H. (2020). Corporate Social Responsibility and its Effect on Community Development: An Overview. IOSR Journal of Business and Management , 22(1), 35–40. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2201053540
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2015). Qualitative Research: A Guide To Design And Implementation (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, 2015.
Mokarram, M., Saber, A., & Sheykhi, V. (2020). Effects of heavy metal contamination on river water quality due to release of industrial effluents. Journal of Cleaner Production, 277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123380
Nurbaiti, S. R., & Bambang, A. N. (2017). Factors Affecting Community Participation in the Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility Program. Proceeding Biology Education Conference, 14(1), 224–228.
Ortiz-Avram, D., Domnanovich, J., Kronenberg, C., & Scholz, M. (2018). Exploring the integration of corporate social responsibility into the strategies of small- and medium-sized enterprises: A systematic literature review. In Journal of Cleaner Production (Vol. 201, pp. 254–271). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.011
Prafitri, G. R., & Damayanti, M. (2016). Kapasitas Kelembagaan Dalam Pengembangan Desa Wisata (Studi Kasus: Desa Wisata Ketenger, Banyumas). Jurnal Pengembangan Kota, 4(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.14710/jpk.4.1.76-86
Putra, A. W., Tahir, M., & Usman, J. (2021). Implementasi Program Pengentasan Wilayah Kumuh Di Kelurahan Letta Kecamatan Bantaeng Kabupaten Bantaeng. Journal Unismuh, 2(3), 815–830. https://journal.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/kimap/index
Qian, S. (2024). Ripples of change: Assessing the impact of water resource tax reform pilot on the green growth of China’s coastal cities. Journal of Sea Research, 198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2024.102479
Rose, J., & Johnson, C. W. (2020). Contextualizing reliability and validity in qualitative research: toward more rigorous and trustworthy qualitative social science in leisure research. Journal of Leisure Research, 51(4), 432–451. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.2020.1722042
Rosyida, I., Fredian, D., & Nasdian, T. (2011). Society and Stakeholder Participation in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Program and the Impact of Rural Community (Vol. 05).
Saleh, N. A. (2019). The Utilization Of Aquatic Biological Resources: Prospective Of Seaweed Development In The Coastal Area Of Bantaeng Regency (Case Study In The Township Of Bonto Jai, Bissapu Distrct). Pangadereng?: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 5(1), 102-115. www.rumputlaut.org
Salman, M., Long, X., Wang, G., & Zha, D. (2022). Paris climate agreement and global environmental efficiency: New evidence from fuzzy regression discontinuity design. Energy Policy, 168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113128
Schlüter, A., Bavinck, M., Hadjimichael, M., Partelow, S., Said, A., & Ertör, I. (2020). Broadening the perspective on ocean privatizations: An interdisciplinary social science enquiry. Ecology and Society, 25(3), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-11772-250320
Steers, R. M. (1977). Antecedents and Outcomes of Organizational Commitment. In Source: Administrative Science Quarterly (Vol. 22, Issue 1).
Tortajada, C., & Biswas, A. K. (2018). Achieving universal access to clean water and sanitation in an era of water scarcity: strengthening contributions from academia. In Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability (Vol. 34, pp. 21–25). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2018.08.001
Wang, D., Wang, M., Zheng, W., Song, Y., & Huang, X. (2025). A multi-level spatial assessment framework for identifying land use conflict zones. Land Use Policy, 148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107382
Wardhani, W., Amril, M., & Putra, P. (2021). Strategi Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Pengembangan Sumber Daya Genetik Rumput Laut Di Kabupaten Bantaeng. KYBERNOLOGY?: Journal of Government Studies, 1(1). https://journal.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/kybernology
Wijaya, S. A., Wiska, M., & Gusteti, Y. (2022). Analysis Of External And Internal Factors Of Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) Implementation In Improving Community Welfare. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Airlangga, 32(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.20473/jeba.v32i12022.10-18
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