TINGKAT SERANGAN PENYAKIT BUAH KAKAO DI KOTA PAYAKUMBUH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35335/fruitset.v12i1.4971Keywords:
Cocoa, Disease, PayakumbuhAbstract
Cocoa is valuable crop for Indonesian foreign exchange. The research aimed to study the damage level of cocoa pod diseases in Payakumbuh. The research was conducted in cocoa plantation of Payakumbuh from November 2023 to January 2024. Survey method was used in the study and purposive random sampling was used to determine the sampling. The criteria to determine locations were ± 0.5 hectare of cocoa plantation and age of cocoa plant ± 4 years. According to criteria, 2 districts were chosen, Lamposi Tigo Nagari and Payakumbuh Timur. In each district, 5 sub-districts were chosen and in each sub-district, 2 cocoa plantations were chosen. The imaginary diagonal line was formed to determine the sampling plants. In each cocoa plantation, 10% of plants were determined for sampling or ± 400 plants. The result showed that 2 diseases were found in cocoa pod in Payakumbuh, cocoa pod rot and anthracnose. The percentage of attacked plant by cocoa pod disease was 20,45%, the percentage of attacked pod was 5,46% and attack intensity was 4,17%. For anthracnose disease, the percentage of attacked plant was 15,42%, percentage of attacked pod was 6,62% and attack intensity was 3,94%.
References
Afriati, N., Parawansa kartini ayu, & Haris Abdul. (2020). Isolasi dan morfologi cedawan Phytophthora pada batang kakao (Theobromae cacao). Jurnal Agrotek Mas, 3(2), 16–22.
Agrios, G. N. (2005). Plant Pathology 5th Edition (5th ed.). Academic Press.
Arizona, D., Maksum, I. P., & Soedjanaatmadja, R. U. M. S. (2013). Nutritional analysis in fermentation modification cocoa beans with the additional of exogenous Saccaromyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus plantarum, Acetobacter aceti, Bromelain Enzyme and Cysteine. In Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science (Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp. 42–45). https://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/ijas/article/view/16829/8129
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Data produksi kakao Kota Payakumbuh. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://www.bps.go.id/id
Danil, Firdaus, M., & Hartoyo, S. (2014). Produksi dan pemasaran kakao di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Agribisnis, 11(1), 41–51.
Fauzan, A., Lubis, L., & Pinem, M. I. (2013). Keparahan penyakit busuk buah kakao (Phytophthora palmivora Butl.) pada beberapa perkebunan kakao rakyat yang berbeda naungan di Kabupaten Langkat. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 1(3), 374–384.
Harahap, T. F. H., Lubis, L., & Hasanuddin. (2013). Efek temperatur terhadap virulensi jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. Sacc. penyebab penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman kakao (Thobroma cacao L.). Online Agroekoteknologi, 2(2337), 411–420.
Harni, R., Taufiq, E., & Amaria, W. (2014). Pengaruh formula fungisida nabati minyak cengkeh dan Serai Wangi terhadap penyakit busuk buah kakao. Jurnal Tanaman Industri Dan Penyegar, 1(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v1n1.2014.p41-48
Manurung, E., Marwan, H., & Mulyati, S. (2022). Keparahan Beberapa Penyakit Pada Buah Kakao di Perkebunan Rakyat Kecamatan Kumpeh Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. Jurnal Agroecotania?: Publikasi Nasional Ilmu Budidaya Pertanian, 5(1), 63–74. https://doi.org/10.22437/agroecotania.v5i1.22828
Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia. (2010). Panduan lengkap budidaya kakao. PT. Agromedia Pustaka.
Putra, S., Ferry, Y., & Harni, R. (2022). Pengendalian penyakit busuk buah kakao menggunakan Trichoderma dan pupuk Kalium. Kultivasi, 21(2), 173–180. https://doi.org/10.24198/kultivasi.v21i2.36807
Putro, S. A. C., Yusalina, Y., & Winandi, R. (2023). Factors afecting export of Indonesian cocoa beans To Malaysia. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Agribisnis, 20(1), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.17358/jma.20.1.90
Rojas, E. I., Rehner, S. A., Samuels, G. J., Bael, S. A. Van, Herre, E. A., Cannon, P., Chen, R., Pang, J., Wang, R., Zhang, Y., Peng, Y.-Q., & Sha, T. (2010). Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. associated with Theobroma cacao and other plants in Panamá: multilocus phylogenies distinguish host-associated pathogens from asymptomatic endophytes. Mycologia, 102(6), 1318–1338.
Sari, P., Utari, E., Praptiningsih, Y., & Maryanto. (2015). Karakteristik Kimia-Sensori dan Stabilitas Polifenol Minuman Cokelat-Rempah. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 09(01), 54–66.
Semangun, H. (1989). Penyakit-penyakit tanaman perkebunan di Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Sinaga, A., & Kusumaningrum, Y. (2020). Peningkatan Produksi Kakao Melalui Pemeliharaan Tanaman Secara Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Agrisistem, 16(2), 75–79. https://ejournal.polbangtan-gowa.ac.id/index.php/J-Agr/article/view/164
Sukamto, S., & Junianto, Y. D. (2010). Penyakit utama dan pengendaliannya. In A. M. Lukito, Mulyono, Y. Tetty, H. Iswanti, & N. Riawan (Eds.), Budidaya Kakao (pp. 204–206). Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia.
Wahab, A. (2007). Pengenalan dan pengendalian penyakit busuk buah kakao (Phytophthora palmivora Butler). Buletin Informasi Dan Teknologi Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Sulawesi Tenggara.
